In early 2025, scientists developed a personalized mRNA cancer vaccine that trains the immune system to attack cancer cells. Developed by Moderna and BioNTech, this vaccine targets mutations unique to each patient’s tumor. Initial clinical trials for pancreatic and lung cancers showed 70% success in shrinking tumors or preventing relapse.

The vaccine works similarly to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines but customizes genetic instructions for cancer cells. It represents a promising step toward individualized cancer treatment with fewer side effects than chemotherapy. Regulatory approvals are being fast-tracked, offering hope to millions battling aggressive cancers worldwide.